Integrated Coastal Observation through Environmental DNA

Overview

The vastness and complexity of British Columbia’s coastline makes it a challenging region for gathering data and tracking ecological trends. Collaboration and cooperation are essential to getting a more robust picture. 

The Integrated Coastal Observatory (ICO) project responds to this need, bringing together a network of community science partners to collect monthly eDNA samples from nearshore habitats across the British Columbia coast.

ICO partners—citizen scientists, First Nations, NGOs, and government scientists —generate high-quality data that quantifies local biodiversity in their region. While at the same time, this coordinated approach provides a robust dataset for understanding broader coast-wide trends over time, allowing ICO to measure ecosystem health and track the impacts of climate change and other disturbances on marine biodiversity.

The current network includes over a dozen partner organizations who are sampling at more than 20 locations in coastal BC. 


Tools Used

At its core, the ICO initiative is based around the eDNA metabarcoding procedure that is described in CoastConnect, where genetic tools are used to sequence all the fish DNA present in each sample. 

• Partners deploy a standardized low-cost sampling kit developed specifically to facilitate eDNA sampling without any formal scientific training

• These sampling kits contain all the required equipment to collect, filter, and preserve eDNA samples for downstream analysis

• Samples are then shipped to the Hakai Institute Genomics Lab for genetic analysis

The resulting data are easily accessed and visualized through a custom-built web tool that was constructed with feedback from ICO partners. 

ICO partners from Parks Canada processing eDNA samples collected in Barkley Sound, British Columbia. Photo credit: Hakai Institute


Outcomes

The ICO project is a success story in terms of capacity building and public engagement, demonstrating the value of citizen science for advancing biodiversity research in BC. The high-quality results demonstrate the advantages of democratizing the collection and dissemination of eDNA-based biodiversity data. 

In addition, the use of targeted eDNA approach (qPCR) has allowed ICO partners to track the presence and relative abundance of focal species of interest, such as the invasive European green crab.

Long-term eDNA-based monitoring in coastal BC will help us to measure ecosystem health and track the impacts of climate change and other disturbances on marine biodiversity, including monitoring existing or potential marine conservation areas.


Timeline

The project began collecting data in 2019, and continues to the present day. 


Image gallery

Photos are courtesy of the Hakai Institute.


Resources

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Integrated Coastal Observatory

Tools Data

The Integrated Coastal Observatory (ICO) is a coordinated network of partners along the coast of British Columbia using eDNA to monitor marine biodiversity. This webtool is used to display biodiversity data.

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Training Video: eDNA Sampling and Filtering

Documentation

Video describing eDNA sampling and filtering process.

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Training video: eDNA Sampling to Sequencing

Documentation

Video describing eDNA sampling and sequencing process.

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